• Enhanced oxidative stress has been suggested as the critical

  2020-12-09

  

  Enhanced oxidative stress has been suggested as the critical mechanisms of IS-produced muscle damage [41,42]. NAC as a direct reactive oxygen species ROS scavenger is frequently discussed in the clinical trials of radiocontrast-induced AKI prevention [43]. Despite some supportive epidemiological dat

• An Ubl modification requires several steps that

  2020-12-09

  

  An Ubl modification requires several steps that are catalyzed by three enzymes, referred to as E1 (activating enzyme), E2 (conjugation enzyme), and E3 (ligase). The SUMO E1 is a heterodimer of SAE1 and Uba2 (also known as SAE2). In brief, an Ubl is first activated by E1 through ATP hydrolysis and fo

• The GH family includes also xylanases which are not MeGlcA

  2020-12-09

  

  The GH30 family includes also xylanases which are not MeGlcA-dependent. Most of them are grouped to GH30_7 subfamily that includes XynIV from Trichoderma reesei showing exo- and endo-xylanase activity [11] and XYLD from Bispora sp. MEY-1 [12] having activity towards glucuronoxylan and arabinoxylan,

• EMD638683 br Ultrasonic pretreatment of substrates Substrate

  2020-12-09

  

  Ultrasonic pretreatment of substrates Substrate pretreatment is widely used in the biofuel, textile and food industries since the substrates are always difficult to degrade. During some enzymatic hydrolysis reactions, the protective layer of the substrate impedes the reaction. Ultrasonic treatmen

• Potential break through technology poised to overcome these

  2020-12-09

  

  Potential break-through technology poised to overcome these above-mentioned limitations is that of the “substrate mediated enzyme prodrug therapy”, SMEPT (Fig. 1). Learning from the previously established enzyme prodrug therapies (EPT) and specifically the antibody-directed EPT (ADEPT) [12], develop

• In conclusion our results provide a

  2020-12-09

  

  In conclusion, our results provide a new mechanistic insight into the signaling pathways mediating TDCIPP-induced apoptosis in cultured neuronal cells. We showed that TDCIPP-induced neuronal cell cytotoxicity and death are mediated via the ER stress-regulated apoptotic pathway, wherein the induction

• Regardless of its effect on EBV

  2020-12-09

  

  Regardless of its effect on EBV infection, the chemokine system has been found to be regulated in both nasopharyngeal cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma. As such, Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells from Hodgkin lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells have been shown to express CXCL8 and CCL17. Furt

• br Experimental Procedures br Acknowledgments We thank

  2020-12-09

  

  Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments We thank S. Tangye and A. Swarbrick for helpful discussions and critical reading of the manuscript; K. Wood, T. Camidge, and V. Turner for technical assistance; C. Brownlee for cell sorting; the staff of the Garvan Institute Biological Testing Facility f

• br E E backside interaction The E

  2020-12-09

  

  E3–E2 backside interaction The E2 possesses an important regulatory interface which is termed its backside as it is opposite to the catalytic cleft that bears the active-site cysteine forming the thioester with SUMOD. This backside site interacts noncovalently with a scaffold SUMOB and was origin

• br Other factors regulating DNA PKcs Recent work in

  2020-12-08

  

  Other factors regulating DNA-PKcs Recent work in the field has also focused on factors that regulate NHEJ and NHEJ factors, in particular proteins that modulate DNA-PKcs. In this section we will highlight a number of factors which have been found to regulate DNA-PKcs. DNA-PKcs phosphorylation at

• Previous in vitro studies have demonstrated

  2020-12-08

  

  Previous in vitro studies have demonstrated that DNA-PK-deficient cell line (MO59J) is approximately 30-fold more sensitive to radiation than DNA-PK-proficient cell line (MO59K) [31]. Moreover, specific DNA-PK inhibitors SU11752 and wortmannin have been shown to sensitize GBM nor-Binaltorphimine dih

• In this paper we describe a facile and universal

  2020-12-08

  

  In this paper, we describe a facile and universal method for in situ crosslinking of DNA micelles, using spherically directed reduction of metal ions. As shown in Scheme 1A, a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) consisting of a ligand domain, a template domain, and a lipid domain was designed as a monomer

• Our results suggest that formation of DDR b clusters

  2020-12-08

  

  Our results suggest that formation of DDR1b clusters may be important for and precede receptor phosphorylation. Indeed, while DDR1b clustering was readily detected (by YFP signal) 30 min after collagen administration, phosphorylated DDR1 species at Y513 (present in the IJXM) were evident after 4 h o

• Interaction between neutrophils and ECs represents the first

  2020-12-08

  

  Interaction between neutrophils and ECs represents the first step of the cellular phase of the inflammatory response, and provide the best condition for the transfer of the PMNL-derived LTA4 to the ECs, leading to the transcellular formation of cysteinyl-LTs. It is intriguing therefore to think that

• br Introduction Localized degenerative and progressive enlar

  2020-12-08

  

  Introduction Localized, degenerative and progressive enlargement of the aortic diameter involves all layers of the vessel wall may ultimately rupture creating a catastrophic cardiovascular event [1,2]. An aneurysm may be located in the thoracic or abdominal aortic wall with different clinical app

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