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Renal fibrosis is regarded as
2024-05-13
Renal fibrosis is regarded as the final common pathway for most forms of progressive renal disease, and mouse UUO is a widely accepted experimental model of renal injury leading to extreme fibrosis localized to the interstitial compartment. A-306989 attenuated the mRNA expression levels of several k
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Among the enzymes involved in adenosine metabolism adenosine
2024-05-13
Among the enzymes involved in adenosine metabolism, adenosine kinase plays an important role in regulating formation and release of endogenous adenosine in cardiomyocytes as well as vascular endothelial cells Decking et al., 1997, Kowaluk et al., 1998, Smolenski et al., 1994. Inhibition of adenosine
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The biological characteristics of cancer invasion and metast
2024-05-13
The biological characteristics of cancer invasion and metastasis are mainly attributed to the poor prognosis in cancer. It has been reported that overexpression of Ack1 promoted the migratory and invasive properties of breast cancer CT-99021 by sustaining expression of epidermal growth factor. In c
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There is also a literature on the
2024-05-13
There is also a literature on the impact of commodity (consumption) taxation under imperfect competition. Besley (1989) applies a Cournot model, in which production takes place under IRS and in which free entry leads to an excessive number of firms in the market. Introducing a distortive specific co
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In fact serotonin is a major
2024-05-13
In fact, serotonin is a major modulator of dopaminergic (DA) neuronal activity through the 5-HT2C receptor. Studies have shown that the selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist Ro60-0175 blocks the burst-firing of mesolimbic DA neurons, which project from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus ac
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br Conclusion br List of abbreviations br Acknowledgment
2024-05-13
Conclusion List of abbreviations Acknowledgment The studies performed by our laboratory and presented in this review were supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, (KAKENHI 17590618 [to H.I.] and KAKENHI 22249017 [to Y.Y.]), and the Japanese S
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Because the V ATPase inhibitors that
2024-05-13
Because the V-ATPase inhibitors that have been employed in these studies (including bafilomycin and concanamycin), are membrane permeant, they inhibit all the V-ATPases in the cell. This is important since it is possible that intracellular V-ATPases, in addition to those present at the plasma membra
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The use of FTAI can overcome the
2024-05-11
The use of FTAI can overcome the negative impact of low estrus detection efficiency, but implies effective synchrony of luteal function as well as synchronous growth and ovulation of a viable Z-DEVD-AFC follicle. Pregnancy rates obtained with FTAI may be comparable or better than those obtained aft
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Co is an essential element for life in minute amounts
2024-05-11
Co is an essential element for life in minute amounts [5]. The human adult contains about 1.1mg Co with the daily requirement of 0.1μg/day. Co is a component of vitamin B12. Co induces erythropoietin and blocks iodine uptake by the thyroid, controls the transfer of enzymes like homocysteine methyltr
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57 9 To further investigate the role of cholesterol
2024-05-11
To further investigate the role of cholesterol in the Rh2-induced cytotoxicity, we then focused on the U937 cell line, which is cholesterol auxotroph and considered as a valuable model to study the importance of cholesterol in membrane structure and function (Billheimer et al., 1987), and used the e
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br Materials and methods br Results
2024-05-11
Materials and methods Results Discussion Japanese encephalitis caused by JEV is characterized by matrix metalloproteinases neuron death. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. We and other researchers have demonstrated that JEV induces apoptosis by ER stress-mediated IR
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NVP 231 br Nanoparticle Conjugated Topoisomerase Inhibitors
2024-05-11
Nanoparticle-Conjugated Topoisomerase Inhibitors The safety and efficacy of topotecan administered as LDM or MTD have been evaluated in several preclinical studies and a few clinical trials whose results showed that there can be significant adverse effects likely precluding its use in patients [5
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Recent studies suggest that A caused synapse damage
2024-05-11
Recent studies suggest that Aβ caused synapse damage as a consequence of aberrant cell signalling. As synthetic Aβ42 monomers activate the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase pathway (Giuffrida et al., 2009) and insulin signalling (Giuffrida et al., 2012) it is possible that Aβ monomers and Aβ oligomers a
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The observation that vortioxetine blocks HT induced currents
2024-05-11
The observation that vortioxetine blocks 5-HT-induced currents in 5-HT3 receptor-expressing oocytes suggests that vortioxetine acts to functionally antagonize these receptors, and is in line with previously published data (Bang-Andersen et al., 2011). For example, Mørk et al. (2012) demonstrated tha
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The obtained results indicate that even when the impairment
2024-05-11
The obtained results indicate that even when the impairment of the same forms of memory are present, amnesia can develop in different ways. Impairment of memory reconsolidation in the conditioned food aversion model through both the serotonin receptor antagonist and the antagonist of NMDA glutamate